Research on modafinil and nootropics

Reading Time: 10 minutes

3,623 total views

At ModafinilUP.com, we provide an extensive array of scientific research on Modafinil, supported by robust data and thorough analysis. Our mission is to offer you a comprehensive understanding of Modafinil, including its optimal use and effectiveness. Our content spans dosage guidelines, comparisons with other nootropics, and practical advice to help you make well-informed decisions regarding your health. Additionally, we offer insights into the best brands and tips for finding trustworthy online vendors. Your safety and well-being are our top priorities, and we are dedicated to delivering the latest information on the safe and effective use.

Introduction

Modafinil is a pharmaceutical drug commonly known as a “eugeroic”, meaning that it promotes wakefulness and increases alertness. In medicine, it is prescribed mainly to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea. However, it is often misused as a cognitive enhancer or “smart drug”. Notably, 80% of all modafinil prescriptions are written off-label, including for the treatment of conditions such as depression, fatigue, and general sleepiness.

Millions of professionals around the world working in highly competitive industries where high performance and maximum return are important use modafinil. Professions that rely heavily on the drug include surgeons, students, Silicon Valley entrepreneurs, military personnel, profitable traders, and anyone who relies solely on knowledge-based work. In the last decade, these ‘smart pills’ have attracted considerable media attention, with high-profile publications writing several high-profile articles. This has prompted many people to ask several questions about modafinil: does it really do what its most ardent supporters claim, is it safe to take this drug for a long time, will I not get into legal trouble for using it, and how can I purchase it?

ModafinilUP.com was created with the sole purpose of answering questions about how modafinil works, backed by rigorous scientific research and testimonials from experienced smart drug users. Armodafinil is a related drug that is also used to increase alertness and vigor. It is considered a stronger version of modafinil and is often used by people who do not experience the desired effects from it. Armodafinil is sold under the trade name Nuvigil and is only available by prescription. Before taking any medication, you should consult a health care provider.

Overview and Benefits of Modafinil

Modafinil reputation as a leading performance-enhancing drug is not simply the result of anecdotal evidence and rumors. Several scientific studies support its efficacy on a variety of mental performance:

Overcoming fatigue – modafinil can significantly reduce various levels of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis, cancer.
Improved memory – modafinil has been shown to improve both working memory (i.e. immediate memory) and episodic memory (i.e. unique memories of specific events) in healthy people without depression and in people with depression.
Increased motivation – modafinil works to improve subjective well-being and overall mood in a positive direction. This has been confirmed in studies involving dopamine-depleted mice and healthy adults.
Increased alertness – if you’re sleep-deprived or stayed up all night, modafinil can increase your alertness and restore your cognitive functions to their original level or higher.
Longer-lasting energy – for sleep-deprived soldiers, modafinil consistently improves the ability to mentally perform tasks at an acceptable level for periods of time covering more than 35 hours of continuous wakefulness.
Enhanced emotional processing – research suggests that modafinil may also improve emotional processing in individuals with depression and anxiety. Emotional processing involves the ability to identify, understand, and regulate one’s own emotions as well as those of others. By improving emotional processing, modafinil may help individuals with these conditions to better manage their symptoms and improve their overall well-being.
Improved executive function – executive function refers to a set of mental processes involved in planning, organizing, and completing tasks. Studies have shown that modafinil can improve executive function in individuals with neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. However, more research is needed to determine the extent to which modafinil can improve executive function in healthy individuals and those with other psychiatric disorders.

Other benefits reported by individual modafinil users include the elimination of “writer’s block,” more noticeable weight loss, and less impulsivity to internal and external distractions. However, unlike the aforementioned benefits, these are purely anecdotal and not supported by scientific evidence. Users may notice some of these effects, all of these effects, or none of them. Modafinil is one of the few nootropics whose user experience is completely individualized due to individual biochemistry and genetic profile. Unless you take the drug regularly for 1-6 months and measure its effects on your cognition, any speculation about what it may or may not do is purely speculative. Overall, it can significantly improve the personality and cognitive functioning needed to maintain extremely high levels of personal productivity.

Side Effects of Modafinil

Modafinil is considered one of the safest and well-tolerated nootropics, especially when compared to other pharmaceutical drugs, according to a comprehensive review by ACS Chemical Neuroscience. They wrote that smart pills have fewer toxicological side effects compared to traditional psychostimulants such as amphetamines or cocaine. It is also well tolerated and shows a very low likelihood of abuse in people who do not abuse drugs.

However, both novice and experienced modafinil users may experience some mild side effects such as headache, slight increase in blood pressure, nausea, dizziness, anxiety, and restlessness. These effects usually go away with repeated use or complete withdrawal from the drug. It is worth noting that tolerance rarely develops, except in cases of overdose. When used in a timely and proper manner, it has virtually no side effects and is safe for improving cognitive function and treating doctor-prescribed diseases. As with any nootropic or pharmaceutical drug, responsible use is necessary to maximize the chances of success. Armodafinil, an “enantiofinilized” version of modafinil, has the same safety profile and side effects. The differences noted by users who have taken both nootropics are highly subjective, and to date there are no published rigorous studies on the differences in the frequency and severity of side effects between armodafinil and modafinil during long-term use in healthy, non-sleep-deprived individuals.

Legality of Modafinil

It is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration and many other countries around the world. Obtaining and using modafinil without a prescription can lead to legal consequences because it is primarily prescribed for diagnosed conditions such as narcolepsy or sleep apnea, and obtaining a prescription for off-label use can be difficult. While buying a small amount of pills for personal use online may not cause legal problems, it is illegal to sell it to others. In addition, it has been banned for use in competitive sports by organizations such as WADA and USADA, and special drug tests can detect it in urine or blood days after use. Therefore, it is important to understand the legal implications.

In other countries, modafinil is also classified as a controlled substance, which means that purchasing and using it without a prescription can lead to legal consequences. Despite its popularity as a cognitive enhancer, its use for non-medical purposes or without a prescription can be risky.

Pharmacology of Modafinil

Despite extensive research, there is still no definitive answer to the exact mechanism of action of modafinil on the brain and the rest of the human body. Although scientists have been able to uncover some aspects of the action, the whole puzzle remains incomplete. One of the side effects of modafinil is the inhibition of dopamine reuptake, which leads to an increase in the extracellular concentration of dopamine in the brain. This does not directly increase dopamine production, but rather allows more dopamine to be utilized. Other neurotransmitters are also thought to be involved, including increased histamine production and decreased GABA production. However, scientists have yet to identify the actions or determine the binding site of the major receptors.

Modafinil also affects the activity of some enzymes in the liver, which may affect the plasma levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes. The half-life of the drug is 11-16 hours, the maximum concentration in blood is reached about 2 hours after ingestion, and its pharmacokinetic properties are dose-dependent. Most of the drug is metabolized to inactive metabolites in the liver and excreted mainly with urine. The half-life and maximum plasma concentration are higher in patients with renal and/or hepatic impairment.

Buy Modafinil Online

The number of legitimate modafinil suppliers on the Internet is growing, giving customers the opportunity to purchase and obtain the drug in their home country. Our research has identified more than 63 sites selling it at different prices and delivery conditions. The benefits of buying modafinil online are numerous. Buyers can not only purchase high-quality modafinil at a lower price, but they can also quickly get the right amount of the drug without a prescription, which is still recommended. In addition, online sellers strive to make the buying process as easy as possible for their customers. As we mention below, regulatory status varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. However, we are not aware of any cases in the United States or other countries where people have faced legal problems or been arrested for buying small amounts of modafinil online for personal use. However, selling or transferring it is illegal and may have legal consequences.

Many reliable suppliers are well aware of the laws and jurisdictions in which they operate. On the rare occasion that a customs agent seizes an online modafinil order, buyers usually receive a refund or reshipment of the order. Please be aware that some suppliers may not ship to your country, or their delivery times may not meet your purchase criteria. Therefore, you should choose a supplier that delivers to your country of residence.

Best Generic Modafinil Brands

Modafinil and Armodafinil are popular cognitive enhancing drugs that are sold under various brand names such as Provigil, Alertec, and Nuvigil in pharmacies. However, these drugs are also available in several generic forms, which are highly recommended for their affordability and identical composition and pharmacological effects. Whether you choose to buy modafinil online or buy armodafinil online, you will find several popular generic brands available in the market. Among generic modafinil brands, Modalert and Modvigil are the two consistent and reliable options that have proven their quality and effectiveness. Modalert, produced by SUN Pharma, is the most powerful and long-lasting form of generic modafinil available, while Modvigil, produced by HAB Pharma, is a cost-effective option with similar cognitive enhancing effects that do not last as long.

Similarly, generic armodafinil is available under two popular brand names: Waklert and Artvigil. Waklert, manufactured by SUN Pharma, is the most potent and long-lasting form of the generic, while Artvigil, manufactured by HAB Pharma, is a cheaper alternative with a less potent cognitive effect that does not last as long.

Feature	Modafinil	Admodafinil
Chemical Composition	C15H15NO2S	C15H15NO2S
Brand Names	Provigil	Nuvigil
Uses	Narcolepsy, sleep apnea, SWSD	Narcolepsy, sleep apnea, SWSD
Off-Label Uses	Cognitive enhancement, depression	Cognitive enhancement, depression
Dosage	100-200 mg per day	150-250 mg per day
Effectiveness	Promotes wakefulness, enhances alertness	Longer half-life, smoother effect
Side Effects	Headache, nausea, anxiety	Headache, nausea, anxiety
Half-Life	12-15 hours	15-18 hours
Peak Plasma Levels	2-4 hours	6 hours
Availability	Widely available	Widely available
Prescription Status	Prescription only	Prescription only
Cost	Varies by brand and region	Generally higher than Modafinil

It is important to note that the legal manufacturers of modafinil and armodafinil located in India, which have been providing users with high quality generics for several years.

Availability of Modafinil by Country

In the previous section on Legality, it was noted that each country has its own classification and regulations for the use of modafinil. These regulations are based primarily on the evaluation of scientific evidence by medical authorities who assess the benefits and risks of using the pills for medical purposes. However, it is generally accepted that in most countries, it is not allowed to legally purchase modafinil without a valid doctor’s prescription. Moreover, one must personally purchase modafinil from a real pharmacy.
While there are some exceptions to this rule, such as Brazil allowing you to buy smart pills without a prescription, it is very important to understand and follow your country’s laws and regulations regarding drug.
By doing thorough research, you will be able to determine if getting the drug through a prescription or buying it online is the best option for your particular situation.

History of Modafinil

The discovery of modafinil dates back to 1973-1974 in France, where two medical chemists working at Lafon Laboratories found adrafinil, its metabolic precursor, while searching for potential narcolepsy treatments. Due to its efficacy, lack of sedative effects, and lack of side effects commonly associated with drugs like Adderall, which contain amphetamines causing withdrawal syndrome, tremors, etc., adrafinil attracted significant attention.

Michel Jouvet, a neurophysiologist at the same company, discovered modafinil as the primary metabolite of adrafinil. Upon administering narcolepsy patients, it was found to act more effectively and quickly than adrafinil. Was authorized in France in 1992-1993 to treat narcolepsy under the trade name Modiodal.

Manufacture modafinil in the US

Cephalon, a pharmaceutical company, received an exclusive license from Lafon to manufacture modafinil in the United States. In 1998, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for treating narcolepsy under the trade name Provigil.

Сelebrities and modafinil

Provigil was approved in 2000s for treating excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea and shift work sleep disorder. He is widely used in the military to enhance soldiers activity and alertness during sleep deprivation. Public figures such as Jon Torres and Ilon Mask have publicly recognized its usage. Athletes like Ray Benjamin and Michael Norman have confessed to using smart drug, although it is banned in sports because it is regarded as an illegal drug.

Overall, the discovery and development of modafinil represent a significant achievement in the field of sleep medicine and pharmacology, offering a safe and effective treatment for narcolepsy and other sleep disorders. However, the increasing use as a cognitive enhancer raises ethical and practical concerns that require further research and discussion.

How Modafinil Works

Modafinil has gained an exceptional international reputation in the modern world, thanks to its remarkable effectiveness. In today’s competitive environment, where the slightest advantage can be the difference between winning and losing. He has become the go-to smart drug for high-performing individuals seeking a dependable cognitive boost. As a smart drug that induces boundless energy, laser-like focus, and long-term motivation, modafinil should be on everyone’s radar. Few nootropics can match ability to stimulate the brain while still maintaining a favorable side effect and safety profile.

The similarities between modafinil and the NZT-48 pill from the movie “Limitless” are uncanny. Making it no surprise that students and writers flock to it. With the ability to tap into extreme levels of alertness and persistence. Helps individuals accomplish more productive work in shorter periods of time. Who wouldn’t want that? The bottom line is clear – is highly effective, and its reputation as the top smart drug is well deserved.

References:

“Modafinil: A Review of Neurochemical Actions and Effects on Cognition”: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Published: 22/02/2012)
“Armodafinil for Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness”: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/(Published: 2013)
“Modafinil Side Effects”: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modafinil/ (Retrieved: 05/03/2023)
“How to use Modafinil”: https://www.webmd.com (Retrieved: 06/03/2023)
“Modafinil: MedlinePlus Drug Information”: https://medlineplus.gov (Last updated: 02/15/2016)
“Modafinil Uses, Side Effects & Warnings”: https://www.drugs.com (Last updated: 13/04/2022)
“Modafinil (Provigil): Uses, Interactions & Side Effects”: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/(Last updated: 07/03/2023)
“Modafinil (Oral Route)”: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/modafinil-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20064870?p=1 (Last updated: 01/03/2023)
“Provigil (Modafinil): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions”: https://www.rxlist.com/provigil-drug.htm (Last updated: 06/16/2020)
Ferraro L, Antonelli T, Tanganelli S, O’Connor WT, Perez de la Mora M, Mendez-Franco J, et al. The vigilance promoting drug modafinil increases extracellular glutamate levels. In the medial preoptic area and the posterior hypothalamus of the conscious rat. Prevention by local GABAA receptor blockade. 1999.
Ishizuka T, Sakamoto Y, Sakurai T, Yamatodani A. Modafinil increases histamine release in the anterior hypothalamus of rats. Neurosci Lett. 2003;339(2):143–146.
Simon P, Hémet C, Ramassamy C, Costentin J. Non-amphetaminic mechanism of stimulant locomotor effect of modafinil in mice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 1995;5(4):509–514